History c/w 2 Vietnam Essay Example

History c/w 2 Vietnam Essay There are many factors which came together to explain why the US withdrew its forces from Vietnam in 1972. In the short term the US withdrew because the conditions in 1973 were right and Nixons election campaign was approaching. 1973 was a good year for both parties to pull out of the war as peace terms had been agreed by both sides. Linked to these short-term factors were long term factors, which included financial, social and military reasons. All these long-term term factors had been gradually becoming worse running up to 1973. For example by the end of the war, it was costing $30 billion every year to continue fighting the war, also people t home and even the soldiers in Vietnam had, had enough and many wanted to see the end of the war.A long-term reason why the US withdrew from Vietnam in 1973 is their failure to win the war. I say they failed to win to war as, in1973 at the time of the withdraw, they werent winning.There were many reasons why the US was losing. The first reason why they were losing was due to the tactic being used by both sides. The US had a huge army with modern weapons, whilst in contrast the Vietcong had a small army with old weapons. In this respect the US were by far superior to the Vietcong.However the Vietcong were used to fighting in the jungle environment of Vietnam. The Vietcong gained these skills when they defended Vietnam from the French after WWII to keep it from the French empire. The Vietcong guerrilla tactics became more advanced over time as the Vietcong learnt how to use them against their enemy. The Vietcong used booby traps, such as Charlie sticks and trip wires. They also used to ambush the US troops and then disappear again.The US used totally different tactics; they used a huge bombing campaign as their main tactic. In fact the campaign was so large more weight of bombs was dropped during the Vietnam War than during the whole of the entire Second World War. However conventional bombs didnt destroy the forest, in wh ich the Vietcong hid, which is what the US needed to do. To destroy forest the US used Napalm, but Napalm didnt only burn forest and soldiers but it also killed civilians.The US were used to urban warfare and not jungle warfare, whilst on the other hand Vietcong used to jungle warfare not urban warfare.This important and decisive difference was shown most clearly during the Tet Offensive. The Tet Offensive was where North Vietnam invaded South Vietnam. This took the fight to the South Vietnamese army in the towns and populated areas and out of the jungle. In this offensive the Vietcong were out classed by superior US firepower. This huge defeat against the Vietcong caused morale amongst the Vietcong army to fall.However the Vietcong soldiers werent the only ones with low morale, the US also had low morale amongst the solders, which was due to the jungle warfare and tactics. There were other causes for the low morale. One of the other reasons were drugs, as there were drugs circulati ng around the camps. The second reason is fragging. Fragging is where soldiers shot their officers, the soldiers did this because the officers wanted to see action in the war in order to help there careers, however the soldiers wanted to see as little action as possible as this made it more likely that theyd get home safely. This wouldve made the US withdraw form Vietnam because you cant fight a war where soldiers have low morale, as the soldiers dont want to fight. In fact the soldiers didnt want to fight so much that they ended up shooting their officers to prevent them from fighting.The low morale amongst the US troops was worsened by the fact that the US troops didnt know what they were fighting for any more. This view came about when the US troops realised that they had no support from the South Vietnamese peasants. The soldiers understood that they had been sent into Vietnam to protect the South Vietnamese people, from North Vietnam and the communism that the North wished to i mpose upon the South Vietnamese people. However the soldiers asked themselves why they were trying to prevent this, since it was clear that most of the South Vietnamese people wanted to become communism. The fact that the soldiers didnt know what they where fighting for and that the south Vietnamese people wanted to be communist wouldve made the US withdraw from Vietnam in 1973. This is because now their justifications and reasons for the war didnt exist as the US troops were fighting for a country whos residents resented the presence of the US troops, due to the fact that they wanted to become what the US were trying to prevent.This failure or inability to win the war had severe effects back at home in the US.For the first real time in history a war could be seen back home on the news. These clips and footage of the war were uncensored, unlike the clips of WWII. This meant that people not only saw the successes and failures of the US army, but they also saw the horrors of the war. All these pictures of horrors of the Vietnamese war had their own impact on the US people. As more people began to see how bad the war was, the more people there were attempting to avoid it, the most famous of these people was Muhammad Ali, the boxer, who refused to fight in Vietnam when his draft letter came through. These people were called draft dodgers. These people were called this because they attempted to avoid the draft, which was a letter, which came through the post telling you that you had to serve a tour of duty, which was one years service in Vietnam. There were many ways in which people could avoid the draft; if you were a teacher, lifeguard, in the police force or if you were in the fire service were among the ways in which you could avoid the draft. Another way people attempted to avoid the draft was to burn the letter when it came through the post.On March 16th 1968, just South of Khe Sahn an American patrol approached My Lai. The battle for Khe Sahn and the Tet off ensive were still raging. The patrol entered the village and killed 347 men, women and children. Some of the women had been raped first. Other reports say that the number of dead stands at over 500 innocent people. The My Lai massacre changed opinion in the US because it showed the atrocities of the war and what was really happening over in Vietnam. Also the massacre showed that Americans werent always the good guys, as here they are murdering innocent people. Some were now wondering how true it is that the Americans are the good guys if their soldiers were responsible for massacres like My Lai. However My Lai wasnt an isolated incident as the picture of the suspected Vietcong was shot by an American without a trail. When the picture reached the US it looked like the execution of a man who hadnt been tried.All this and the horrors of the Tet offensive made the Americans back home question why there were US soldiers fighting and ultimately dying in Vietnam.Pictures and events like My Lai caused lots of unrest amongst the US people. This unrest was shown through riots, marches and protests, which went ahead all over America. These demonstrations gave rise to the hippy movement, which favoured peace and love instead of war. One example of these protests is the Ohio university demonstration in which students were expressing their views when the US National Guard opened fire on the protesters killing some of them. Therefore because of the war Americans were killing Americans, which wouldve made the US withdraw from the war as this shows how bad people, thought the war was.On the other hand the media was concentrating on the war and these demonstrations, which meant that the Civil Rights Movement lost its interest amongst the media. Therefore the Civil Rights Movement lost press interest and people became more interested in the war.This point leads me onto the racially related reasons why the US withdrew from Vietnam in 1973. The black community were unhappy with th e war because proportionally more blacks were being sent to Vietnam than any other social or ethnic group. This would have made the black community unhappy with the Vietnam War because it wouldve meant more blacks were being sent to Vietnam than were supposed to be.We can tell that some blacks were upset because martin Luther king made a speech in which he expressed his view that he was concerned that the black US soldiers were being sent over to Vietnam. They were being sent in order to fight for a sense freedom for the Vietnamese people, which they do not even have for them selves. Still in todays world proportionally more blacks are in the US army than any other ethnic group.This wasnt the only reason the black community had to be upset about; Johnsons great reform was cut back. The aim of the great reform was to end racial segregation and inequality in the US. The combination of all the social and racial reasons would have made the US withdraw from Vietnam, as the pressure on th e government from the black community and the civil rights movement would have been immense. Also many people felt the war was pointless and more than good was coming from it.Another reason why the US people would have been unhappy with the war was that no new public buildings were being built. For example no new schools, hospitals, swimming pools etc were being built.These public buildings werent being built due to the fact that the government spending had been cut to fund the war effort. Therefore the US public were suffering direct effects of the Vietnam War, which they wouldnt of liked, making them opposed to the war. The government had to cut their spending on the public buildings because the war was draining funds. In fact the war cost $120 billion overall and by the end of the war it was costing $30 billion per year. Cost however isnt only measured in money; the cost can also be measured in human lives. An estimate at the end of the war stood at 58,132 US people lost their li ves in Vietnam and many more were injured.The cost of the war wouldve made the US withdraw from Vietnam because the financial cost of the war was severely denting the US economy and the US were keen to pull out so that they could save money. The death toll on the US people was getting to high.So far I have only explained the long-term reasons why the US withdrew from Vietnam. On top of that I have given general reasons for why the US withdrew from Vietnam but the question asks why in 1973. To answer this part of the question there are a selection of short-term reasons. The first of these short-term reasons was presidential elections. Nixon wanted to stay in power for another four years and to do this he had to win the presidential elections in November 1972. To win Nixon knew he had to quit the war. This is because in the 1968 elections president Johnson decided not to stand at the elections because of the war. Nixon won the elections by promising to pull US troops out of the war, s o to fulfil his promise he had to show that US troops were leaving or were on the verge of leaving. If Nixon didnt sign a peace treaty and exit the war there was no way he would be able to win the elections. Therefore one reason why the US withdrew from Vietnam in 1973 was because president Nixon wanted to win the next election and he knew pulling out was the only way he could win the elections.The fact that Nixon wanted peace was helped by the fact that the North Vietnamese were willing to agree peace terms with the US. To put pressure on the North Vietnamese government the US began a huge bombing campaign so that the North would submit to US demands. The campaign was massive; more bombs were dropped in the 11 days of this campaign than there had been in the rest of the Vietnam War. Eventually peace terms were agreed which included a cease-fire between both sides, US troops would leave within 60 days of this cease-fire, elections would be held in the South to choose a new governmen t. Also in the terms was that all US Prisoners Of War would be freed, and there were almost 700 of these. This term let Nixon partly achieve his peace with honour idea that the US would withdraw from Vietnam without total surrender.However not everyone was happy with these terms, Thieu, president of South Vietnam, was upset by the terms of the cease-fire because he believed the terms would leave south Vietnam at the mercy of the North Vietnamese. He knew that the terms would ultimately lead to the end of South Vietnam as the North would invade the south and the North would easily win. Nixon overcame this by telling Thieu that if he didnt sign the agreement then the US would sign it without him, Thieu was forced to sign it. This wouldve contributed to the US withdrawing from Vietnam in 1973 as they signed the peace treaty on 27th January 1973, which meant they could now withdraw as they had signed a peace treaty with the North.Nixon could now withdraw from Vietnam, but if he simply j ust pulled all US troops out of Vietnam in one go then the South Vietnamese army would be easily beaten by the Vietcong. So what Nixon proposed to do was to introduce Vietnamisation, which was where US troops gradually withdrew from Vietnam and at the same time US troops would train up the South Vietnamese army so that they could carry on fighting the war once the US had left.In 1971 the US approved an invasion of Laos by South Vietnam, which was aimed at blocking the Ho Chi Minh trail, which was the main supply route to the Vietcong. US had been bombing the trail since 1964 but these were the first ground forces. After six weeks the South Vietnamese withdrew, almost 50% of the soldiers were killed or wounded. This huge failure by the south Vietnamese army proved to many that the south Vietnamese couldnt stand up to the Vietcong without the US. Due to this invasion the North Vietnamese felt that vietnamisation would be a good thing because they realised that the South Vietnamese arm y would be easy to defeat once the US withdrew from Vietnam.I have explained why the US withdrew from Vietnam in 1973. The reasons for this ranged from racial reasons to the presidential elections of 1972. All these reasons fell into two categories: long term and short term reasons. These categories can be explained like a football game. The build up to a goal is the long-term effect of a goal, whilst the short-term effect of a goal is the shot. I have considered the significance of the reasons and concluded that factors working together have led to the point where the US feels they have to withdraw from Vietnam. However I have I felt the timing of the withdraw was significant. I say this because of the elections which where approaching. Nixons main reason to withdraw was that he wanted to win another session in power. Nixon also felt that these elections were a point where the US could move on from the Vietnam War. These facts therefore raise the question that would the US have wit hdrew from Vietnam that year if there werent any elections?My view on this is that I believe they wouldnt have withdrawn from Vietnam if there hadnt been presidential elections in that year. Another reason why I felt the timing of the withdraw was so significant was that a new super power had arisen onto the international stage. The US felt that if it pulled out of the Vietnam war it would be easier to make friends with China as they were next to Vietnam and wouldnt have liked that fact that the US were waging a war so close to them. Also China was a communist country and they were trying to prevent communism spreading in Vietnam, which wouldve made China weary of the US, as they obviously didnt like communism. This also raises the question what would have happened if China, a new super power, didnt arise at that time. Would this have left the US with less incentive to leave the war and withdraw from Vietnam in 1973?

Analysis of Legally Blonde play

Analysis of Legally Blonde play My experience watching ‘legally blonde’ was one not to be reckoned with, despite the fact that the play took place in a well-known community theatre, it did not match my full expectations of how a good production of ‘legally blonde’ play ought to be performed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Legally Blonde play specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally, I would rank the play as below average. One of the major reasons why it was a poor performance is due to lack of proper portrayal of charm by Elle Woods who according to the original musical production uses them to get to Harvard. The character in this play was rather dull and kept on pausing in between her speeches. It was clear that she had not mastered her lines. The script represented an original ‘legally blonde’ script and therefore the author of the script did a commendable job because he included all the roles in the play and interpreted every scene in the play correctly. The vital theme in the production script from the author’s original work is the theme of love, perseverance, and loyalty, which were all included in the script. Therefore, the author of the script had his role well cut out. Another shoddy aspect of the production is the casting which was poorly presented because the main characters Elle Woods and Emmenet Forest were not well represented. The actor who played Emmenet did not portray a smart, honorable part as required. Instead, he seemed to struggle with the role while Elle Woods on the other hand lacked the energy that qualifies the role of original Elle Woods. Misrepresentation of these qualities diverted my attention from the play at some point. The set was perfectly done and every location in the original play was included in the stage. From my own judgment, the set was complete and it matched my expectation of a ‘legally blonde’ production and st age arrangement. Could I see everything? Yes, the theatre was well equipped with the latest lighting systems. The background lighting, area lighting and other latest techniques that enhanced toning and blending were employed. This helped to enhance the characters skin tone and reduced shadows on their faces. Therefore, visibility was perfect and heightened the mood in the play. The costumes were well done to suit the play. The use of bright colored costumes enhanced visibility and clarity. The costumes also matched the appropriate time of the story and the use of wigs help to identify Ellen Wood who was one of the main characters portrayed as a ‘blonde’.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my opinion, the props were well represented as required in the play. The use of a background screen that kept on changing to suit different venues in the story enhanced th e originality factor; this managed to catch my concentration in the play. Also the furniture used was appropriate for the different scenes in the play. The sound was perfect, and audible enough to follow the play. There were no echoes and, it managed to keep my attention on the play to the end. The sound equipment ensured clarity and enhanced the mood. The use of music matched the different events in the story ranging from the sad moments to the happy moments. This made the play a bit more interesting. Generally, the acting was poor despite having high quality equipment and nice venue. The first major loophole started with the characters. To be more specific, the main characters Ellen Wood and Emmenet lacked energy and smartness qualities respectively; therefore, the originality of the play was not expressed. According to the play, every character was present but they did not play their role as required to qualify a typical ‘legally blonde’ narrative. I did not believe in the play due to poor role representation by the characters. In my own opinion, the characters in the play were not well prepared.

Capital One Case Study Essay Example for Free (#3)

Capital One Case Study Essay 1. What is Capital One’s business and who are their competitors? Capital One’s business deals with a bank financial servicing company. They specialize specifically in banking, credit cards, home loans, auto loans and savings products. Capital One was founded by Richard Fairbank and Nigel Morris in 1988. Fairbank highly focused on the marketing and customization of credit card use and information. The company is very analytical and is very technological when gathering data information. They were basically put together centering around the idea of technology within the company itself. Some of their direct competitors would be against Bank Of America, American Express and Barclay’s bank. 2. What is their strategy to grow profitably and compete? Give examples. Capital One was put together with technology right at the core of their business. This makes them different from their competitors since most other companies had a business model first before technology was every involved. The technological part of their company is very important since they use it to analyze and comprehend their customers characteristics such as credit risk. This is basically their way of improving customer service and to increase profitability. Fairbank developed a data machine that was able to access a customer risk factor from each product as well as detect fraud. At Capital One’s point of inception, the online communication was making its way in our society so the company focused on highly internet marketing. This strategic action lead to 2.5 millions customers signing up as this online banking systems was the new and improved way to make payments. 3. How do they use information to implement their strategy? What kinds of information do they use and where does it come from? They vastly use their information system and technology to help during day to day activities. Their main use of this information is to analyze customer data and make appropriate suggestions and choices regarding their marketing strategy. They implement many â€Å"tests† and have used their idea of diving up their customer population by segmenting their data. This was a success and was a high profit for capital one. This lead to their improvement of customer relationships since they had vast information of them and had technology that could easily access and identify their customers through a digital fingerprint. This company focuses on personal information from their customer base to make decisions and access which one of them will be able to pay them back after a loan. One of the ways capital one has access this information is through the post office’s file and other checking agencies as well. Capital one basically takes information from any pertinent source that can provide then with reliable data. 4. List and describe the information technologies used to support their strategy? Information-based strategy – company focuses on high credit risk\low credit risk – this helps them comprehend their customer’s data and to make sure that their choices are made with those people who are actually going to pay them back – their information-based system collects and analyzes the information which helps them market to their customers as it attracts various aspects of customer’s needs Data Warehouse & Mining Infrastructure – this is to support their information based system while having shared communication between different branches – Their offices in UK and US can have clearly make accurate decisions since they can both have access to each others database – This software analyzes their customer data with such intelligence that it is used to help them with final decision making – It is also used for customer service support 5. Describe their notion of a â€Å"scientific test†. Contrast this approach to product development and launch with a more traditional approach that a manufacturing company might use. Capital One’s scientific test was used with their software to collect test data information while enhancing the data they already had as well. They used this software to analyze and collect information from potential customers. They conducted over 45,000 tests at one point which helped them comprehend customer information while identifying any fraudulent activity as well. They grew every day and had millions of customer signed up online at the end. Capital One had a great relationship with their IT department since technology was part of its core competencies. Fairbank even allowed anyone to propose an idea for a test if it was profitable looking enough. This showed that the company wanted to involve each and every employee to work with them on their marketing strategy. The process for product development occurs when an idea is started, to the design and then with the actual product being manufactured and engineered. Capital One way of working with this process involves having their marketers research and access the information and data to understand their customers tendencies and preferences. A more traditional approach that a manufacturing company may use is having Capital One is started with a strict business model and then having to computerize it later on. Everything is first manually done and analyzed in this case. The technology and use of software would be used later on in terms of Capital One’s informational strategies. Capital One Case Study. (2016, Dec 08).

Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Identity - Essay Example For example a resolver in psychological terms consciously desires self growth, on a personal level such an individual acknowledges the importance of personal skills and greatly puts them to practice .Within a social context a resolver will be responsive to societies that provide an opportunity for self growth. According to Gergen Kenneth, a person’s identity can also include the relational self, pastiche personality and the strategic manipulator. In Social Anthropology, identity is used to refer to the idea of self hood which implies an individuals’ properties and individuality that makes such a person distich and unique from others. It is virtually difficult to have a clear definition of identity, its all depends on the field of study upon which one is relating to, however, there are some prominent people in the society whose roles and involvement is various fields easily spell out their identity. Such characters are Dr Manhattan whose real identity is John osterman, R orschach’s and Ozymandias identities in the vigilantism and as Nietzsche's Ubermench (Klock, 2002). All the three characters have featured in the Watchman besides the Comedian, the Nite Owl and the Silk Spectre. The main aim of selecting the characters was to present six radically opposing ways in perceiving the world in terms of morality. The Watchman is based on super hero properties acquired form Charlton Comics during the early 1980’s. Jon Osterman who was later referred to as Doctor /Manhattan, was changed not god like blue –skinned being after accidentally being disintegrated in an â€Å"intrinsic field Subtracot† Jon Osterman identity is the same as that of Dr. Manhattan is a number of ways. First of all, while still a normal human being, he involved himself in unusual things for instance, very few people would take dare become physicist due to its complexity. However Jon Oserman was intensively involved in the discovery which led to his transforma tion after being stuck in a chamber. As Dr. Manhattan, he continues to engage himself in unusual scenarios, for example even after being employed by the United States of America defense Ministry and infighting crime, he goes no with his physics research, his love for this subject leads him to b the inventor of the electric advanced vehicles. Both identities prove Dr Manhattan as a determined and very hardworking individual. However, there are some differences between the two personality identities and this has widely been influenced by the social surrounding. Previously he gains an indentify of a loving and caring man with ability of bringing his girlfriend along to the work station. On the other hand, Dr. Manhattan is view as a biter and emotionless super being; however his perception has been changed by exploitation by normal human beings. He claims that he is used a s a puppet and can even see all the strings attached to him â€Å"We're all puppets, Laurie. I'm just a puppet who can see the strings† (Gibbons, 2008), he knows that he has been turned into something lethal; he is excited that he knows the delight of not knowing. According to the Cote and Levin (2002) typology he can be regarded as a â€Å"searcher â€Å" with high sense of dissatisfaction ,quickly shows disdain for imperfection and mostly interacting with role

Analysis of Globalization and Transnational Processes Literature review

Analysis of Globalization and Transnational Processes - Literature review Example Apart from the highly debatable claims about the diminished role f states, there are additional issues that theories f globalization face. For the focus on how globalization negates the very concept a center and periphery by generating diasporic public spaces tend to lead to an undertheorizing f the differentiated peripheries, which have disparate relationships with the various centers. This is an undertheorizing f the centers which, United States hegemony not-withstanding, are composed f a number f complexly hierarchized and contending entities, for example, in Scottish--English--Welsh relationships. It is, as well, an undertheorizing f the peripheries which also have complex hierarchical inter-ethnic, cultural, and sometimes racial inter-relationships, first fall within their own borders, then between themselves as peripheries, and, finally, with the various centers. In other words, in theorizing the undoubtedly new phenomenon f globalization, it is critical not to lose sight f the specifics f this process. There are complex and dynamic patterns f racial, ethnic, cultural, class, and social hierarchies that are being generated within particular societies and on a global scale. Sometimes these generate new hierarchical spaces, but often they reinforce old hegemonies within and between nations, without necessarily undermining the power f nation-states as such. Thus I have pointed out that globalization, as it restructures societies internally, simultaneously establishes and reinforces international hierarchy f races, ethnicities, cultures, and nations. Broadly speaking, this hierarchy is based on an international ranking according to political, economic, and cultural prestige and power. This is measured, for example, by such standard economic criteria as per capita gross national product rates f technical innovativeness, and the obvious consequences that economic and technical dominance has for global military dominance. This global racial-cultural hierarchy places Anglo-American culture at the apex and Sub-Saharan African culture at the base. Hegemony is exercised, the first fall, within the complex racial and cultural hierarchies internal to the United States and Europe, and through this route, extends itself globally. Latin, Slavic, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Hindu, and other cultures (usually with their own complex and dynamic internal cultural, social, economic, and political hierarchies) jostle to occupy intermediate positions between the two extremes.  Ã‚  

Search and sort Essay Example for Free

Search and sort Essay Direction: Provide the appropriate output for the following machine problems. Note: To authenticate the output, please insert the printscreen and the source code in a zip file. Deadline of submission: September 18, 2013 (no extension). 1. Write a program to test the method binarySearch. Use either the method insertionSort or selectionSort to sort the list before the search. 2. Suppose that the elements of a list are in descending order and they need to be put in ascending order. Write a Java method that takes as input an array of items in descending order and the number of elements in the array. The method rearranges the element of the array in ascending order. Your method must not incorporate any sorting algorithms, that is, no item comparisons should occur. 3. Write a method, remove that takes three parameters: an array of integers, the length of the array, and an integer, say, removeItem. The method should find and delete the first occurrence of removeItem in the array. If the value does not exist or the array is empty, output an appropriate message. (Note that after deleting the element, the array size is reduced by 1.) You may assume that the array is unsorted. 4. Write a method, removeAt, that takes three parameters: an array of integers, the length of the array, and an integer, say, index. The method deletes the array element indicated by index. If index is out of range or the array is empty, output an appropriate message. (Note that after deleting the element, the array size is reduced by 1.) You may assume that the array is unsorted. 5. Write a program to keep track of a hardware store’s inventory. The store sells various items. For each item in the store, the following information is kept: item ID, item name, number of pieces ordered, number of pieces currently in the store, number of pieces sold, manufacturer’s price of the item, and the store’s selling price. At the end of each week, the store manager would like to see a report in the following form: Friendly Hardware Store itemID itemName pOrdered pInStore pSold manufPrice sellingPrice 4444 Circular Saw 150 150 40 45.00 125.00 3333 Cooking Range 50 50 20 450.00 850.00 . . . Total Inventory: PHP #########.## Total number of items in the store: _______ The total inventory is the total selling value of all the items currently in the store. The total number of items is the sum of the number of pieces of all the items in the store. Your program must be menu driven, giving the user various choices, such as: check whether an item is in the store, sell an item, and print the report. After inputting the data, sort it according to the items’ names. Also, after an item is sold, update the appropriate counts. Initially, the number of pieces (of an item) in the store is the same as the number of pieces ordered, and the number of pieces of an item sold is zero. Input to the program is a file consisting of data in the following form: itemID itemName pOrdered manufPrice sellingPrice Use seven parallel vectors to store the information. The program must contain at least the following methods—a method to input the data into the vectors, a method to display the menu, a method to sell an item, and a method to print the report for the manager. After inputting the data, sort it according to the items’ names.

Character in Henry Jamess Washington Square :: Henry James Washington Square

A Question of Character in Henry James's Washington Square After reading Henry James's Washington Square, I was left a bit curious as to why James had so many static characters in his novel. Character development is a major literary device in most works, but was almost completely ignored in this book. I say almost because Catherine's demeanor seems to, even if just to the most subtle degree, drift towards an unphilanthropic attitude. Dr. Austin Sloper, his two sisters and poor Morris Townsend remain rigidly in their roles from start to finish, even throughout the span of two decades. Fortunately, the most accomplished poet T. S. Eliot, defends James on exactly this topic in his short essay, "A Prediction." "With 'character,' in the sense in which the portrayal of character is usually expected in the English novel," Eliot writes, "he had no concern" (55). He went on to add " 'character' is only one of the ways in which it is possible to grasp at reality" (55). Eliot insists that had James been better at developing characters, his writing would have suffered in other aspects (55). Fair enough, but then I was left with a question from his 'prediction'. What then is the driving point to Washington Square? Is it the plot perhaps, or the interaction of these concrete characters? Consider the complexity, or rather lack thereof, of the action and plot. The characters are introduced and Morris Townsend meets young Catherine. They court for a short while and Dr. Sloper investigates the young man's behaviors and concludes that he doesn't like him and forbids the marriage when the idea is presented to him. He and Catherine travel to Europe while Mr. Townsend visits with Lavinia, but upon Dr. Sloper's return, leaves Catherine. Finally, some twenty years later, the doctor dies leaving none of his fortune to his daughter who is visited by Mr. Townsend one last time resulting in absolutely no consequence. If somebody told me that there was a book in which two hundred pages of plot was accurately and completely summarized in one short paragraph and character development was of no concern, I would have been most certain that what they actually had read was a screenplay for a porno. Plot was obviously not one of James' major concerns with this novel, but to his credit, implements it better than Willa Cather's Death Comes for the Archbishop. Towards the end of his essay, Eliot hit upon the magic of Washington Square.

Explain how you would perform the role of Ismene in her first appearance in the play to engage the sympathy of the audience Essay

In order to engage sympathy I would perform Ismene as a 30 – 40 year old woman (at least 10 years older than Antigone) who is quite business-like and appears to the audience as if she can handle herself. The first signs of beauty have just faded from her face and she has developed a little fat around her stomach. The play would be set in a fictional place and as such there would be no set era of human history, because of this I would have Ismene dressed in an unbecoming suit, which looks very masculine and only has stock colours of black and white. In scene one I would have entered first, looking quite purposeful, seemingly prepared for whatever was to come. Then I would stand center stage for about thirty seconds, gradually getting more and more agitated, constantly looking at a pocket watch in my left pocket. Then there would be a noise heard in the distance and I would hurry over to downstage right and hide behind one of the pillars so that the audience would be able to see me but anyone who entered would not. At this point Antigone would flounce in from upstage right. Antigone would be around the age of 18, dressed also in a suit, however her suit would be much more feminine and vibrant colours, she would have a skirt which was hitched up too high and her jacket would be open exposing a top which exposed slightly too much skin. She would have blood red lipstick on and far too much makeup on her face. After hearing Antigone enter I would take a moment to prepare and try to calm myself. I would then reveal myself from behind the column but I would remain nearer to the column than Antigone herself. There would be a few moments of silence where we just looked at each other and then Antigone would speak. In her first line Antigone’s tone would be quite calm and composed. However I would be trying not to make eye contact with her as she was talking about an aspect of our past, which neither of us was proud of. However Antigone would add a hint of venom on the word â€Å"care† in the final sentence of her line at which point I would finally look her in the eye, almost defiantly and take a moment to consider what I would say next. Throughout the scene I would be trying to convince Antigone that what she was doing was going to get her killed and that even though what she was doing was morally right it was not worth her loosing her life over. Also I would be trying to bond with Antigone and trying to keep us both together. While Antigone would constantly keep rejecting me, or even attempting to make me suffer. For example in the speech on page 5 I would emphasize every time it says â€Å"we† in an attempt to show Antigone that we are on the same side. In reply to this Antigone would just brush this off and put even more emphasis on saying â€Å"I† Her tone would also seem very righteous and full of herself. There are many lines that I would use to gain the sympathy of the audience, for example. When Antigone says, â€Å"Yes I want to frighten you† I would look taken aback and hurt and shocked all at once, mirroring how the audience would have reacted to such an unexpected line. Also when I say, â€Å"we are ruled by the more powerful† I would say that as if it was fact and there was nothing we could do to help it, I would also at that point seem very helpless and exposed. At this point Antigone would see this and would drive the knife in deeper saying her next line with such venom that it leaves me speechless. Throughout the scene I would be getting more and more desperate, almost pleading with Antigone at some points. While Antigone would be almost reveling in the fact that she made me feel so terrible. And finally on page seven I would compose myself, stand up straight, look Antigone straight in the eyes and say my final line before finally allowing a single tear to roll down my face as I watch Antigone storm off downstage right and I would exit upstage left.

Carmen

Movement, space and dynamics are used in Mat Ek’s work Carmen to portray the various characters throughout the piece and to determine their relationships therefore gaining a greater understanding of the characters and the narrative. Micaela (M) is a respectable and adequate woman who is loyal to her fiance but is always leading him and influencing his behavior in life. The first movement we see from M is at a low height with collapsing, repeated contractions which give us an initial idea of her silent presence amongst her fiance Don Jose while he is conversing with the other solider portraying the idea of her intimidation of other men. Her movements are curved in shape though still very forceful, sharp and have a punch like force about them which gives the idea she is conscience of Jose, giving his directions and guidelines of how the behave. She then progresses into a lot of sustaining movements, which she continuously motions upward, giving the impression and the resemblance of appreciation of life and her faithfulness toward Don Jose. Symbolism of a wish to have a child occurs at 0. 33 through the use of curved â€Å"cradle-like† motions which shows the couples desire to settle down and be a family. There is also a repetitive floor pattern as M often travels away from Don Jose but then travels directly back towards his representing her dedication and loyalty as she always returns to her fiance and also the idea of her constant presence. M’s dynamics then take a sudden change as she is not longer performing contracted, closed movements in a repetitive nature which portrayed her ideal feministic nature of being loyal and she now has a less controlled nature about her performing asymmetrical kicks and contrasting shapes as she seems to let loose the further she ventures away from Jose which symbolizes her soul connection to him as she always returns back. The duet performed by M and Don Jose see’s M return to her original circular, curved shape movements and we see Jose’s unison with her, always a step behind which gives a sense she is showing him the way. Both of their movements are free yet heavy and they have a curved shape about them implying the hidden control and tension between them but also the trance they set each other in as the appear slightly â€Å"playful† and always drawn upwards with high levels and strong gestures such as lifting M up at 1:39 and high suspension movements at 1:09 to the sky symbolizing the feeling of being content and happy. Jose’s continuous following of M and his placement in space of always being slightly behind M symbolizes his shyness and the controlling nature his fiance possesses over him. At 1:44 we see M and Jose linking arms with M pointing to the direction she wishes to head while Jose looks at her in admiration and awaiting her next gesture again portraying the idea of her leading and controlling power she has over him and his obedience to this power. As the group of female dancers come in we see a dramatic change in the dynamics and movements of the dance as in comparison to M, these dancers have a much more open body position about them with much greater use of the entire kinosphere of each individual. The use of multiple kicks and turns which take up a large amount of space around the dancer display their confidence and high self esteem. At 2:45 the girls perform a controlled turn as they have a strong posture and arm position with head titled towards the sky to convey a strong, open shape which further portrays the idea of the confidence and â€Å"teasing† nature they possess in the males presence. As the males and female perform a direct swap in sides we see the males perform loose, uncontrolled arm movements which shows the uncontrollable urge they have to go and â€Å"dance† with the girls and how crazy they females make them along with the back and forth floor pattern the girls create as they swap sides and they lead the boys in and then head back the other direction which also conveys the teasing nature of the females. At 3:12 the males perform a percussive movement as the floor pattern leads them towards the females which emphasizes their excitement, yet the fact they are giving into the females which comments on the power the women posses over the men. The floor pattern shows the males always behind and following in the females paths, almost repeating similar movements that the females do which further emphasizes the idea of the females controlling the males actions and the males chasing them. This idea is also finally show at 3:29 when the females run over the backs of the males showing their dominance and power over them. Escamillo, the confident and desired new man in town conveys the idea of his confidence and power over everyone in his dramatic entry at 3:39 as the first movement we see of him is a open, strong and angular jump travelling to stage front. This jump automatically gives us the idea of his superiority over everyone else. His movements are sharp and angular which the choreographer to convey his confident, powerful ersonality and his intriguing use of controlled and dramatic dynamics of movements. The final section performed by the girls shows a soften, less controlling side of them which is communicated by their use of curved, soft movements and powerless dynamics and motions and shows the idea of their admiration and lust toward Escamillo. In conclusion, the use of various dynamics, movement and space is used in the extract to portray the characters, thei r emotions and determine relationships and further enhance and gain a better understanding of the characters to overall convey the narrative.

Air Care Gap Analysis

Air Care Gap Analysis Abstract Every airline company has its own unique operation and long term strategies. Just like in other industries such as the agricultural, banking and manufacturing sectors, airline industries across the globe have different goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Care Gap Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They get cargo ships, tourists’ small jets, military air crafts and private chattered crafts. Although all of them fall in the same industry, one of the airplanes facing stiff competition is the passengers’ plane. These airlines need a lot financial capital to successfully run while at the same time, the industry is flooded by many players. Additionally, these commercial jets work with multicultural customers, who have different beliefs and understanding. As a result, the industry is faced with a big challenge of ensuring that all their customers’ needs are met. If a company fails to achieve this, it might risk its survival in the market. In this paper, a sample study is taken from Air Care and their ability to create satisfaction to their customers. The study is, however, focused on the customers perspective and satisfaction levels over services being achieved by the industry (Fattah 2011). Introduction With ever increasing day to day competition among industries, there has been a big realization for managers to closely monitor their operating environment through monetary, technical and customer levels of efficiency. Quality provision is vital for any industry to grow. This paper has an objective of investigating the extent of customers’ satisfaction among Air Care. To carry out the research, 10 customers were randomly sampled among those who normally use the services of Air Care.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The customers were t aken through survey questioners based on SERVQUAL model. The questionnaires consisted of 22 questions, which measured all levels of experience and expectations in the industry (Shaw 2004). Literature Review Due to intangible nature of service, defining service quality and satisfaction has become very hard to achieve. Service quality researches are taken by the most accepted SERVQUAL model (Fattah 2011). Since the development of this tool, researchers from all over the world have applied the twenty two item scale in studying service quality across various sectors of industries. This paper is based on the relationship between the service providers and their customers in wide scope over creation of satisfaction in the sector. To develop this system, quality measurement indicators need to be identified after which a system can be developed to enable the functionality of the indicators. Among those indicators are the feedbacks from the customers over empathy, assurance, reliability, resp onsiveness, and tangibles. Airline industries as service providers with one to one interaction with the customers need to develop tight strategic measures that will enable them to retain as well as attract more customers. Since the quality of service sends more long-term impact to the customers, other tangible products and players in the service industry should ensure they have good strategies to handle their customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Care Gap Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To achieve these, airline industries need to develop a unique recruitment and screening system to ensure that their customers are satisfied with the services provided. Additionally, they should have seasoned training programs to cope with the ever changing airline field. This also makes the companies use research guided training programs and constant adjustments to achieve maximum output. Customer and employee rela tionship is viewed both as a marketing strategy by the players in the industry and as an output quality strategy (Czincota 2009). Methodology This study was carried out with a sample of 10 subjects randomly sampled from most frequent Air Care customers in the neighbourhood. The Respondents were contacted and briefed over the research. They were informed about their rights, responsibilities and ethical considerations. The 22 item questionnaire based on the most recommended SERVQUAL model was used(Kotler 2002). The questionnaire administered followed two distinct grouping. First section was based on the expectations of Air Care customers’ expectations (E); the next part checked the Experience level of customers (Ep). Likert scale was then developed based on the 22 items. The scale was found to be the best as it limits the answers to a measurable level that is also easy to compute. Before the questionnaires could be administered, the participants were first taught on how to hand le their questions such as marking and selection of answered (Fattah 2011). All the given questionnaires were returned answered appropriately. The responses of all 10 respondents were recorded. The following score scale was used;Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strongly Agree =5 Agree =4 Fairly agree =3 Disagree =2 Strongly Disagree =1 Survey: below questionnaire has two parts. The first part is ranking Air Care according to the expectation of the sample group. The next one shows their perception Fig1. Questionnaire Statement Score Excellent airlines to have modern equipments Perfect airlines have appealing environment. Employees in good airlines must be neat Appealing documents are expected to be present in perfect airlines Airlines have efficient processes Airlines are customer focused and provide full attentions to its customers There is efficiency in timing of processes They adhere to time and promises Their records are error free Employees are always willing to help customers Employees communicate effectively with customers Employees are ready to provide the customers with aid The responses of employees are very quick to customers Emplo yees are self confident Customers safety is assured Employees are very cautious Employees are knowledgeable to customers problems Airlines provide individual attention Convenient operating hours Employees offering personal services Airlines put their customers in the first place Employees understand their customers Survey: Air Care perception. Fig 3 Questionnaire Statement Score Airlines have excellent modern equipment There is an appealing environment. The employees are neat Appealing documents The processes are efficient Airlines are customer focused and treat their customers properly There is efficiency in timing of processes They adhere to time and promises Their records are error free Employees are always willing to help customers Employees communicate effectively with customers Employees are ever there for customers aid Employ ees are ready to provide the customers with aid Employees are confident Customers safety is assured Employees are very cautious Employees are knowledgeable to customers problems Airlines provide individual attention Convenient operating hours Employees offering personal services Airlines put their customers in the first place Employees understand their customers The sample size distribution was described by the distribution table. Mean standard deviations were then computed and T-test was carried out in order to test significant differences of the sample means. All the tools were applied to ensure that the answers were as accurate as possible and could provide an easy analysis. Findings and Discussion Figure 1: Demographic profile of the respondents Age Male Female Total 12-22 2 1 3 23-33 1 2 3 34-44 1 1 2 44-54 1 1 64- 1 1 Total 5 5 10 Service Gap Analysis Service gap based on the experience an d expectations of the customers was then analysed as per the 22 item questionnaires. During the computerization, the data were entered according to three distinct occupational groups. Those who worked in the public sector were recorded as (public), those who worked in private sector were recorded as (private) and those who were unemployed were (none). The categorization was found to be easier to execute, simple to communicate out as compared to when the age was used. In addition, most customers were found to be employed either as professionals or simply seeking employment or trade opportunities (Haridasini 2011). Discussion From the result of the three major groups i.e. the public, private and none, all had a lot of expectations about tangibles, as shown in Appendix A. The reliability, however, has never met the expectations. Consequently, the level of assurances and responsiveness was very high. Most customers perceived very little empathy averagely. Most customers believe that emp loyees do not pay too much attention to their customers. As a result, there was a strong disagreement on compassionate nature of the employees towards their customers. The airline industry as a service provider with one to one customers interaction needs to develop tight strategic measures that will enable them to retain as well as attract more customers. Sense of appeal was strongly noted to be lacking in the Air Care (Haridasini 2011). Most of the products relayed lacked tastes of appeal from the offices to the cabins. Employees also failed to provide a quick response to their customers. Based on the research, the following differencing plane was computed. A differencing plane graph From the results obtained, it is evident that most customers are not yet satisfied with the Air Care services. Customers lack the expected empathy. Employees’ response to customers is slow. As a result, some customers feel neglected. Customers expect good customer care service with quick respon ses. However, most services in Air Care still undergo a lot of bureaucratic procedures. The company has not created a strong assurance platform that promises customers that future services will correspond to their expectation. Managers need to put more emphases to create surety to their customers. Responsiveness and reliability are catered for in the Air Care; however, a lot is still required from the management team of the company in order to maximize their output (Czincota 2009). Conclusion Despite the fact that airways strive to meet their customers demand in the Air Care, several weakness have been detected. Most customers do expect a lot from the airports ranging from environmental appealing, comfort, service efficiencies and customer-employee relationship, however these have never been achieved by the companies. Hence, the companies have not satisfied most of their clients’ needs and they need to make major improvement to better world competition levels. Air Care can us e this information to come up with strategies of ensuring that all its customers are satisfied. Apart from this, the research provides a lot of information on what changes are expected to occur in the international marketing field. Customer views and levels of satisfactions change depending on seasons and places, utilizing the system will enable the organization to have better chance of attracting and retaining more customers. Currently, Air Care is seen to operate below their level due to little focus on customers’ needs. It is believed that redrafting their goals towards meeting customers’ satisfaction will enhance a lot of improvement in the industry. References Czincota, M 2009, Emerging Trends, Threats and Opportunities in International Marketing, Business Expert Press, New York Fattah, A 2011, Smart airports: transforming passenger experience to thrive in the new economy, Cisco internet business solution group: New York. Haridasini, A 2011, ]The sky portal: Busin ess traveler, Rutledge: London Kotler, P 2002, Marketing Management, Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd: New Delhi. Shaw, S 2004, Airline marketing and management, Ashgate: Aldershot, England

Have the policy tensions between free trade and environmental Essay

Have the policy tensions between free trade and environmental protection been adequately resolved - Essay Example Conferences have been held around the world to try and resolve these issues. Numerous policies have been implemented with the aim of resolving the persistent conflicts between the two global issues. An adequate resolution of the two elements would be beneficial to the world in attaining global sustainable development.4 The policies that need implementation should balance these aspects especially in underdeveloped and developing nations. For these nations to achieve impressive industrialization levels in the next decade, the tensions between these two aspects need to be resolved adequately. The existing issues There exist different trades which have a direct impact on the environment. The sale of animal products, like ivory, has had a considerable impact on wild life in many African countries. The sale of these products is encouraged by the free trade, provided by the international trade regulations. There has been a growing need to protect animal which provide ivory from poaching. Th e population of rhinos and elephants continues to decline as the years go by. Laws have been passed in many countries banning the sale of ivory. Early in the 1990s, Kenya imposed a ban on ivory trade within her territory. Majority of the ivory illegally acquired in Africa found its way in Asian market through the provisions of free trade5. In many Asian countries, ivory is used in the manufacture of local medicine. The growing trade, which existed, between the African countries and their Asian counterparts was significantly hampered by the regulation. A public auction was done for ivory which had been seized in Asia. The collection gained from the auction was distributed among the countries where the ivory was thought... From the research it can be comprehended that Free trade among different nation continues to be hampered by the efforts of environmentalists to protect the environment. These protection efforts continue to mitigate the growth of free trade especially at the international level. Over the past years, environmental policies have been set up to try and control the impact of free trade on the environment. There has been a proposal by some environmentalists to create â€Å"world environmental organization† to help coordinate international policies concerning the environment. Many environmentalists continue to push for the establishment of such an organization. This has been a source of the many conflict in existence between international free trade and environment protection policies. Conferences have been held around the world to try and resolve these issues. Numerous policies have been implemented with the aim of resolving the persistent conflicts between the two global issues. An adequate resolution of the two elements would be beneficial to the world in attaining global sustainable development. The policies that need implementation should balance these aspects especially in underdeveloped and developing nations. For these nations to achieve impressive industrialization levels in the next decade, the tensions between these two aspects need to be resolved adequately. The resolution of these tensions does not lie in the existing organizations which have been put in place to regulate the two global elements. The concerns of the elements always seem to be contrary to each other.

The New Deal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The New Deal - Essay Example 24). This period was also the start of complex social programs and signaled the wider acceptance of trade unions in the United States. The New Deal policy was triggered by the initial crash for the US stock market, which occurred on October 24, 1929 followed by October 29 "Black Tuesday" in which the stock market fell even more than it had the week before. These events catapulted into a worldwide economic depression (Chandler 1970). This economic depression was manifested in the US through a 4 percent to 25 percent increase in unemployment incidence, alongside reduction of manufacturing output by approximately a third. Due to deflation of currency values, prices fell, making the repayment of debts much harder. The drop in values of the mining, lumber, and agriculture industries caused these items to drop as well. The impact of the depression was however not as severe in white collar and service sectors. "Throughout the nation men and women, forgotten in the political philosophy of the Government, look to us here for guidance and for more equitable opportunity to share in the distribution of national wealth I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people. This is more than a political campaign. It is a call to arms." Roosevelt formed the "Brain Trust," a group of academic advisers whose formation was aimed at assisting in his recovery efforts. Extensive government intervention in the economy was sought instead of allowing laissez faire to run its course (Chandler 1970). Some vocal conservative opposition attacks were faced by the New Deal, such as the American Liberty League led by democrats, particularly the 1924 and 1928 presidential candidates John W. Davis and Al Smith. There was also a large group of New Deal opponents called "Old Right," led by politicians, intellectuals, writers, and newspaper editors (Chandler 1970). This first New Deal of 1933 had goals of short-term recovery programs based on the assumption that the federal government headed by Roosevelt can solve the financial problems. Some of the policies promoted and implemented by the Roosevelt government are banking reform laws, emergency relief programs, agricultural programs, and work relief programs (Chandler 1970). Many organized liberal groups gained much of what they demanded, except the Socialist Party, which was practically destroyed. The First New Deal was described as a mixture of self-contradiction, experiment, and pragmatism (Chandler 1970). Eventually, the economy recovered form the low point of 1932, sustaining the improving until 1937 when the Recession of 1937 regained the 1934 levels of unemployment. Economists and historians disputed the concept of the New Deal being responsible for the economic recovery (Chandler 1970). The New Deal was critiqued by several historians and Barton Bernstein spoke of the so-called 'conservative achievements' of liberal reform due to its inadequacies. Howard Zinn also gave considerable emphasis to flaws, limits, and conservative stances but failed, among others, in providing theoretical framework for understanding the New Deal (Foner 1997, p. 143).